LayoutTransition 类介绍
我们先来认识一个重要的类--LayoutTransition,该类是Android API提供的用于动画显示ViewGroup中的Layout的帮助类,我们可以使用该类设置动画并绑定目标Layout。那一般在什么情况下为Layout设置动画效果呢?比方说,如果我们需要对一个Layout实现动态地添加或删除子View对象,那么我们可以分别为需添加或删除的View对象在移动到新的位置的过程添加动画形式。一般地,Layout中的View对象有四种动画变化的形式,如下:
APPEARING —— 元素在容器中显现时需要动画显示。
CHANGE_APPEARING —— 由于容器中要显现一个新的元素,其它元素的变化需要动画显示。
DISAPPEARING —— 元素在容器中消失时需要动画显示。
CHANGE_DISAPPEARING —— 由于容器中某个元素要消失,其它元素的变化需要动画显示。
其实这四种动画形式也很好理解,举个例子,我们有一个GridLayout中有多个Button对象,如果需要删除其中一个Button对象的话,该Button对象可以设置动画(即DISAPPEARING 动画形式),Layout中的其它Button对象此时移动到新的位置的过程中也可以设置相关的动画(即CHANGE_DISAPPEARING 动画形式),如图下:
而当需要为Layout添加一个新的Button对象时,此时我们可以为这个 新添加的Button对象设置动画(即APPEARING 动画形式),Layout中的其它Button对象此时移动到新的位置过程也可以设置相关的动画(即CHANGE_APPEARING动画形式 ),如图下:
那基本了解了这四种动画形式后,我们又应该如何使用呢?LayoutTransition类中有一个setAnimator(int transitionType, Animator animator)用于添加动画以及设置动画形式类型,在开发当中,我们只需要确定好需要在不同的动画类型中显示什么动画,然后创建并设置好相关的动画对象,最后使用该方法将两者进行绑定就行。那废话不多说,下面我们通过一个例子来学习一下如何为Layout添加动画。代码实例在文章末尾提供下载,
下面是LayoutAnimatorFragment主界面及和主要功能代码,如下:
/** * @author AndroidLeaf *ViewGroup中Layout的动画实现 *主要知识点: *调用 LayoutTransition 对象的 setAnimator() 方法来定义下列动画方式,调用参数是 Animator *对象和以下 LayoutTransition 常量: * (1)APPEARING —— 元素在容器中显现时需要动画显示。 * (2)CHANGE_APPEARING —— 由于容器中要显现一个新的元素,其它元素的变化需要动画显示。 * (3)DISAPPEARING —— 元素在容器中消失时需要动画显示。 * (4)CHANGE_DISAPPEARING —— 由于容器中某个元素要消失,其它元素的变化需要动画显示。 */ public class LayoutAnimatorFragment extends Fragment implements OnClickListener{ private Button mButtonAdd; private Button mButtonReset; private GridLayout mGridLayout; private int buttonNumbers = 1; private LayoutTransition mLayoutTransition; @Override public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState); } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_layoutanimator, container, false); initViews(rootView); return rootView; } public void initViews(View rootView){ mButtonAdd = (Button)rootView.findViewById(R.id.layout_animator_addbutton); mButtonAdd.setOnClickListener(this); mButtonReset = (Button)rootView.findViewById(R.id.layout_animator_resetbutton); mButtonReset.setOnClickListener(this); mGridLayout = (GridLayout)rootView.findViewById(R.id.layout_animator_gridview); mLayoutTransition = new LayoutTransition(); //为GridLayout设置mLayoutTransition对象 mGridLayout.setLayoutTransition(mLayoutTransition); mLayoutTransition.setStagger(LayoutTransition.CHANGE_APPEARING, 30); mLayoutTransition.setStagger(LayoutTransition.CHANGE_DISAPPEARING, 30); //设置每个动画持续的时间 mLayoutTransition.setDuration(300); //初始化自定义的动画效果 customLayoutTransition(); } @Override public void onPause() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onPause(); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (v.getId()) { case R.id.layout_animator_addbutton: addButton(); break; case R.id.layout_animator_resetbutton: resetButton(); break; default: break; } } /** * 增加Button */ public void addButton(){ Button mButton = new Button(getActivity()); LinearLayout.LayoutParams mLayoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(50, 50); mButton.setLayoutParams(mLayoutParams); mButton.setText(String.valueOf(buttonNumbers++)); mButton.setTextColor(Color.rgb(0, 0, 0)); if(buttonNumbers % 2 == 1){ mButton.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(45, 118, 87)); }else{ mButton.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(225, 24, 0)); } mButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub mGridLayout.removeView(v); } }); mGridLayout.addView(mButton, Math.min(1, mGridLayout.getChildCount())); } /** * 删除所有的Button,重置GridLayout */ public void resetButton(){ mGridLayout.removeAllViews(); buttonNumbers = 1; } public void customLayoutTransition(){ /** * Add Button * LayoutTransition.APPEARING * 增加一个Button时,设置该Button的动画效果 */ ObjectAnimator mAnimatorAppearing = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(null, "rotationY", 90.0f,0.0f) .setDuration(mLayoutTransition.getDuration(LayoutTransition.APPEARING)); //为LayoutTransition设置动画及动画类型 mLayoutTransition.setAnimator(LayoutTransition.APPEARING, mAnimatorAppearing); mAnimatorAppearing.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() { @Override public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onAnimationEnd(animation); View view = (View) ((ObjectAnimator) animation).getTarget(); view.setRotationY(0.0f); } }); /** * Add Button * LayoutTransition.CHANGE_APPEARING * 当增加一个Button时,设置其他Button的动画效果 */ PropertyValuesHolder pvhLeft = PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt("left", 0, 1); PropertyValuesHolder pvhTop = PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt("top", 0, 1); PropertyValuesHolder pvhRight = PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt("right", 0, 1); PropertyValuesHolder pvhBottom = PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt("bottom", 0, 1); PropertyValuesHolder mHolderScaleX = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleX", 1.0f,0.0f,1.0f); PropertyValuesHolder mHolderScaleY = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleY", 1.0f,0.0f,1.0f); ObjectAnimator mObjectAnimatorChangeAppearing = ObjectAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(this, pvhLeft, pvhTop,pvhRight,pvhBottom,mHolderScaleX,mHolderScaleY).setDuration(mLayoutTransition .getDuration(LayoutTransition.CHANGE_APPEARING)); mLayoutTransition.setAnimator(LayoutTransition.CHANGE_APPEARING, mObjectAnimatorChangeAppearing); mObjectAnimatorChangeAppearing.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() { @Override public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onAnimationEnd(animation); View view = (View) ((ObjectAnimator) animation).getTarget(); view.setScaleX(1f); view.setScaleY(1f); } }); /** * Delete Button * LayoutTransition.DISAPPEARING * 当删除一个Button时,设置该Button的动画效果 */ ObjectAnimator mObjectAnimatorDisAppearing = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(null, "rotationX", 0.0f,90.0f) .setDuration(mLayoutTransition.getDuration(LayoutTransition.DISAPPEARING)); mLayoutTransition.setAnimator(LayoutTransition.DISAPPEARING, mObjectAnimatorDisAppearing); mObjectAnimatorDisAppearing.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() { @Override public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onAnimationEnd(animation); View view = (View) ((ObjectAnimator) animation).getTarget(); view.setRotationX(0.0f); } }); /** * Delete Button * LayoutTransition.CHANGE_DISAPPEARING * 当删除一个Button时,设置其它Button的动画效果 */ //Keyframe 对象中包含了一个时间/属性值的键值对,用于定义某个时刻的动画状态。 Keyframe mKeyframeStart = Keyframe.ofFloat(0.0f, 0.0f); Keyframe mKeyframeMiddle = Keyframe.ofFloat(0.5f, 180.0f); Keyframe mKeyframeEndBefore = Keyframe.ofFloat(0.999f, 360.0f); Keyframe mKeyframeEnd = Keyframe.ofFloat(1.0f, 0.0f); PropertyValuesHolder mPropertyValuesHolder = PropertyValuesHolder.ofKeyframe("rotation", mKeyframeStart,mKeyframeMiddle,mKeyframeEndBefore,mKeyframeEnd); ObjectAnimator mObjectAnimatorChangeDisAppearing = ObjectAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(this, pvhLeft,pvhTop,pvhRight,pvhBottom,mPropertyValuesHolder) .setDuration(mLayoutTransition.getDuration(LayoutTransition.CHANGE_DISAPPEARING)); mLayoutTransition.setAnimator(LayoutTransition.CHANGE_DISAPPEARING, mObjectAnimatorChangeDisAppearing); mObjectAnimatorChangeDisAppearing.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() { @Override public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onAnimationEnd(animation); View view = (View) ((ObjectAnimator) animation).getTarget(); view.setRotation(0.0f); } }); } }
LayoutAnimatorFragment的界面布局fragment_layoutanimator.xml代码如下:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@color/view_animation_background" android:orientation="vertical" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" > <Button android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Add Button" android:id="@+id/layout_animator_addbutton" /> <Button android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Reset Button" android:id="@+id/layout_animator_resetbutton" /> </LinearLayout> <ScrollView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <GridLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:columnCount="5" android:animateLayoutChanges="true" android:id="@+id/layout_animator_gridview" /> </ScrollView> </LinearLayout>
布局界面比较简单,唯一要注意的是GridLayout布局中的android:animateLayoutChanges属性,该属性的值为true或false,true代表当前Layout的布局发生改变时使用动画效果,false则不使用。
最后我们运行程序,看一下运行及操作效果图:
小伙伴们,有没感觉上面的动画效果比较炫,哈哈,想要实现的伙伴们赶紧动手吧!