JAVA RSA密钥对的生成与验证
在上一篇《Java&keytool生成RSA密钥》中,我们用keytool先生成密钥库和公钥证书,然后通过代码方式获得文件和BASE64串形式的公私密钥对,而其实根本无这么复杂,可直接通过JAVA代码获得公私密钥对。代码如下:
package com.bijian.test; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; import java.security.Key; import java.security.KeyPair; import java.security.KeyPairGenerator; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.SecureRandom; import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder; public class KeyPairGenUtil { /** 指定加密算法为RSA */ private static final String ALGORITHM = "RSA"; /** 密钥长度,用来初始化 */ private static final int KEYSIZE = 1024; /** 指定公钥存放文件 */ private static String PUBLIC_KEY_FILE = "PublicKey"; /** 指定私钥存放文件 */ private static String PRIVATE_KEY_FILE = "PrivateKey"; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { generateKeyPair(); genKeyPair(); } /** * 生成密钥对 * @throws Exception */ private static void generateKeyPair() throws Exception { // /** RSA算法要求有一个可信任的随机数源 */ // SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(); /** 为RSA算法创建一个KeyPairGenerator对象 */ KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM); /** 利用上面的随机数据源初始化这个KeyPairGenerator对象 */ // keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE, secureRandom); keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE); /** 生成密匙对 */ KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair(); /** 得到公钥 */ Key publicKey = keyPair.getPublic(); /** 得到私钥 */ Key privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate(); ObjectOutputStream oos1 = null; ObjectOutputStream oos2 = null; try { /** 用对象流将生成的密钥写入文件 */ oos1 = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(PUBLIC_KEY_FILE)); oos2 = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)); oos1.writeObject(publicKey); oos2.writeObject(privateKey); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } finally { /** 清空缓存,关闭文件输出流 */ oos1.close(); oos2.close(); } } private static void genKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { /** RSA算法要求有一个可信任的随机数源 */ SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(); /** 为RSA算法创建一个KeyPairGenerator对象 */ KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM); /** 利用上面的随机数据源初始化这个KeyPairGenerator对象 */ keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE, secureRandom); //keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE); /** 生成密匙对 */ KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair(); /** 得到公钥 */ Key publicKey = keyPair.getPublic(); /** 得到私钥 */ Key privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate(); byte[] publicKeyBytes = publicKey.getEncoded(); byte[] privateKeyBytes = privateKey.getEncoded(); String publicKeyBase64 = new BASE64Encoder().encode(publicKeyBytes); String privateKeyBase64 = new BASE64Encoder().encode(privateKeyBytes); System.out.println("publicKeyBase64.length():" + publicKeyBase64.length()); System.out.println("publicKeyBase64:" + publicKeyBase64); System.out.println("privateKeyBase64.length():" + privateKeyBase64.length()); System.out.println("privateKeyBase64:" + privateKeyBase64); } }
运行结果:
用上一篇验证公私钥对加签验签、加解密的代码验证,也都是OK的。附上加解密验证的代码如下。
package com.bijian.test; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.ObjectInputStream; import java.security.Key; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder; import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder; public class RSAUtil { /** 指定加密算法为RSA */ private static final String ALGORITHM = "RSA"; /** 指定公钥存放文件 */ private static String PUBLIC_KEY_FILE = "PublicKey"; /** 指定私钥存放文件 */ private static String PRIVATE_KEY_FILE = "PrivateKey"; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String source = "你好nihao";// 要加密的字符串 System.out.println("准备用公钥加密的字符串为:" + source); String cryptograph = encrypt(source);// 生成的密文 System.out.print("用公钥加密后的结果为:" + cryptograph); System.out.println(); String target = decrypt(cryptograph);// 解密密文 System.out.println("用私钥解密后的字符串为:" + target); System.out.println(); } /** * 加密方法 * @param source 源数据 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String encrypt(String source) throws Exception { Key publicKey = getKey(PUBLIC_KEY_FILE); /** 得到Cipher对象来实现对源数据的RSA加密 */ Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey); byte[] b = source.getBytes(); /** 执行加密操作 */ byte[] b1 = cipher.doFinal(b); BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder(); return encoder.encode(b1); } /** * 解密算法 * @param cryptograph 密文 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String decrypt(String cryptograph) throws Exception { Key privateKey = getKey(PRIVATE_KEY_FILE); /** 得到Cipher对象对已用公钥加密的数据进行RSA解密 */ Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey); BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder(); byte[] b1 = decoder.decodeBuffer(cryptograph); /** 执行解密操作 */ byte[] b = cipher.doFinal(b1); return new String(b); } private static Key getKey(String fileName) throws Exception, IOException { Key key; ObjectInputStream ois = null; try { /** 将文件中的私钥对象读出 */ ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName)); key = (Key) ois.readObject(); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } finally { ois.close(); } return key; } }
运行结果: